Sentido de coherencia en las enfermedades crónicas: una revisión integradora

Contenido principal del artículo

M. Cossetin-Costa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1771-8428
M.F. Mantovani
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-8273
F. Moura-D’Almeida-Miranda
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-9557
R.G. Paes
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-4054
V. Piccinin-Paz
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7157-4886
T. Nunes-de Souza
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-5391

Resumen

Introducción: El sentido de coherencia (SOC por sus siglas en inglés) es un componente de la Teoría Salutogénica que permite entender cómo las personas perciben su vida y la forma en que responden a situaciones estresantes, por ejemplo, a una enfermedad crónica. Conocer el SOC y cómo afecta la calidad de vida puede ayudar a planificar los cuidados.


Objetivo: Analizar la aplicabilidad del constructo SOC como herramienta de cuidado de enfermería en adultos con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.


Metodología: Revisión integradora, la búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en septiembre de 2019 con las estrategias sense of coherence AND nursing AND “chronic disease. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron: BVS, CINAHL, PubMed y Scopus. Se incluyeron artículos publicados, desde 2014 hasta 2019, clasificados según el nivel de evidencia del Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine.


Resultados: Se identificaron 325 artículos; 21 cumplían los criterios de inclusión, con predominio del enfoque cuantitativo y el uso del Cuestionario de Antonovsky en la versión de 13 ítems. Los estudios demostraron que un SOC elevado puede mejorar la sintomatología y la calidad de vida de los enfermos crónicos.


Discusión: El constructo SOC es central para el mantenimiento de la salud, en conjunto con la educación y, a través de la gestión de la enfermedad, contribuye al alivio de la sintomatología y el significado de la enfermedad crónica.


Conclusiones: El SOC está directamente relacionado con la búsqueda y el mantenimiento de la salud, su uso puede ser una herramienta importante para los cuidados de enfermería.

Detalles del artículo

Dimensions citation

MÉTRICAS

 

Citas

(1) Spadoti-Dantas RA. Adaptação cultural e validação do Questionário de Senso de Coerência de Antonovsky em uma amostra de pacientes cardíacos brasileiros [tese]. Ribeirão Preto, Brasil: Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo; 2007. https://bit.ly/3Bw8Q0D

(2) Eriksson M, Lindström B. Validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale: A systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005; 59(6): 460-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2003.018085

(3) Antonovsky A. Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well. San Franscisco, EE.UU.: Jossey-Bass; 1987. https://bit.ly/3Me4Reb

(4) Bonanato K, Barbabela-Tavares-Branco D, Tibães-Mota JP, Ramos-Jorge ML, Martins-Paiva S, Alemida-Pordeus I, et al. Trans-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the 'Sense of Coherence Scale' in mothers of preschool children. Interam. J. Psychol.

; 43(1): 144-53.

(5) Rivera F, Ramos P, Moreno C, Hernán M, García-Moya I. Análisis del Modelo Salutogénico y del Sentido de Coherencia: retos y expansión de un enfoque positivo de la salud y el desarrollo. En: Hernán M, Morgan A, Mena ÁL (editores). Formación en salutogénesis y activos para la salud. Granada, España: Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública; 2013. 36-7. https://bit.ly/431RpAM

(6) Esquivel-Garzón N, Díaz-Heredia LP. Validez y confiabilidad del cuestionario Orientación ante la Vida de Antonovsky (SC-29 ítems), versión en español. Inv Enf. 2020; 22. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.ie22.vcco

(7) Vega-Martínez MC. Frías-Osuna A, Del Pino-Casado R. Validez y confiabilidad de la escala de sentido de coherencia en estudiantes de grado de enfermería de una universidad española. Gac. sanit. 2019; 33(4): 310-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.02.009

(8) Pedrosa S. Senso de coerência e adesão à terapia antirretroviral de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS. [dissertação Mestrado]. Fortaleza, Brasil: Universidade Federal do Ceará; 2015. https://bit.ly/45mIdsS

(9) Eriksson M, Mittelmark MB. The sense of coherence and its measurement. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, et al. The handbook of salutogenesis. Cham, Germany: Springer; 2017. 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04600-6_12

(10) Ortiz-Granja D, Acosta-Rodas P, Lepe-Martínez N, Del Valle M, Ramos-Galarza C. Escala reducida para valorar el Sentido de Coherencia: SOC 15. Rev. ecuat. neurol. 2019; 28(2): 23-7. https://bit.ly/41IrYTO

(11) Lindström B, Eriksson M. Contextualizing salutogenesis and Antonovsky in public health development. Health Promot Int. 2006; 21(3): 238-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dal016

(12) Galletta M, Cherchi M, Cocco A, Lai G, Manca V, Pau M, et al. Sense of coherence and physical health-related quality of life in Italian chronic patients: The mediating role of the mental component. BMJ Open. 2019; 9(9): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-

(13) Super S, Wagemakers MAE, Picavet HSJ, Verkooijen KT, Koelen MA. Strengthening sense of coherence: Opportunities for theory building in health promotion. Health Promot Int. 2016; 31(4): 869-78. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dav071

(14) Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las 10 principales causas de defunción. Ginebra: OMS; 2020. https://bit.ly/2DMgVkI

(15) Whittemore R, Knafl K. The integrative review: Updated methodology. J Adv Nurs. 2005; 52(5): 546-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x

(16) Mendes KDS, De Campos Pereira-Silveira R, Galvão CM. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto contextoenferm. 2008; 17(4): 758-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072008000400018

(17) Ursi ES, Gavão CM. Prevenção de lesões de pele no perioperatório: revisão integrativa da literatura. Rev. lat.-am. enferm. 2006; 14(1): 124-31. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692006000100017

(18) Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine: Levels of evidence (March 2009). Oxford, England: University of Oxford; 2009. https://bit.ly/3Yp4x1d

(19) Spadoti-Dantas RA, E-Silva FS, Ciol MA. Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the 29- and 13-item scales of the Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC-29 and SOC-13) evaluated in Brazilian cardiac patients. J Clin Nurs. 2014; 23(1-2): 156-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12157

(20) Andruszkiewicz A, Basińska MA, Felsmann M, Banaszkiewicz M, Marzec A, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. The determinants of coping with pain in chronically ill geriatric patients – the role of a sense of coherence. Clin Interv Aging. 2017; 12: 315-23. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S118136

(21) Lillefjell M, Jakobsen K, Ernstsen L. The impact of a sense of coherence in employees with chronic pain. Work. 2015; 50(2): 313-22. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-141838

(22) Alsén P, Eriksson M. Illness perceptions of fatigue and the association with sense of coherence and stress in patients one year after myocardial infarction. J Clin Nurs. 2016; 25(3-4): 526-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13088

(23) Guo LN, Liu YJ, McCallum J, Söderhamn U, Ding XF, Yv SY, et al. Perceived stress and depression amongst older stroke patients: Sense of coherence as a mediator?. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018; 79: 164-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2018.08.010

(24) Odajima Y, Kawaharada M, Wada N. Development and validation of an educational program to enhance sense of coherence in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Nagoya J Med Sci. 2017; 79(3): 363-74. https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.79.3.363

(25) Li Z, Liu T, Han J, Li T, Zhu Q, Wang A. Confrontation as a mediator between sense of coherence and self-management behaviors among elderly patients with coronary heart disease in north China. Asian Nurs Res. 2017; 11(3): 201-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2017.08.003

(26) Silarova B, Nagyova I, Rosenberger J, Studencan M, Ondusova D, Reijneveld SA, et al. Sense of coherence as a predictor of health-related behaviours among patients with coronary heart disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2014; 13(4): 345-56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515113497136

(27) Dietscher C, Winter U, Pelikan JM. The application of salutogenesis in hospitals. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, et al. The handbook of salutogenesis. Cham, Germany: Springer; 2017. 277-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04600-6_27

(28) Esquivel-Garzón N, Díaz-Heredia LP. Salutogénesis y salud cardiovascular en adultos: scoping review. Texto contexto enferm. 2020; 29: 1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0376

(29) Anyan F, Knizek BL. The coping mechanisms and strategies of hypertension patients in Ghana: The role of religious faith, beliefs and practices. J Relig Health. 2018; 57(4). 1402-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0517-7

(30) Pelegrino-Ferreira VM, Nascimento-Silva L, Kiyomi-Furuya R, Schmidt A, Rossi LA, Spadoti-Dantas RA. Autocuidado, senso de coerência e depressão em pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP. 2015; 49(3): 388-94. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420150000300005

(31) Wijesinghe S, Parshall MB. Impermanence and sense of coherence: Lessons learned from the adaptive behaviors of Sri Lankan buddhist nuns with a chronic illness. J Transcult Nurs. 2016; 27(2): 157-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659614545402

(32) Binkowska-Bury M, Iwanowicz-Palus G, Kruk W, Perenc L, Mazur A, Filip R, et al. Pro-health behaviours – a sense of coherence as the key to a healthy lifestyle in rural areas?.Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016; 23(2): 345-9. https://doi.org/10.5604/12321966.1203903

(33) Lisboa-Gois CF, Vale-Carvalho L, Carvalho J, Silva-Anjos T, Mendonça-Cunha DM, Aragão-Silva F, et al. Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, sintomas depressivos e senso de coerência de coronariopatas. Enferm. Foco. 2018; 9(4): 44-8. https://bit.ly/3IZw6Jg

(34) Kristofferzon ML, Engström M, Nilsson A. Coping mediates the relationship between sense of coherence and mental quality of life in patients with chronic illness: A crosssectional study. Qual Life Res. 2018; 27: 1855-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1845-0

(35) Odajima Y, Sumi N. Factors related to sense of coherence in adult patients with Type 2 diabetes. Nagoya J Med Sci. 2018; 80: 61-71. https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.80.1.61

(36) Eriksson M, Lindström B. Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale and its relation with quality of life: A systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61(11): 938-44. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2006.056028

(37) Blomqvist M, Ivarsson A, Carlsson IM, Sandgren A, Jormfeldt H. Health risks among people with severe mental illness in psychiatric outpatient settings. Issues Ment. Health Nurs. 2018; 39(7): 585-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2017.1422200

(38) Musavinasab M, Ravanipour M, Pouladi S, Motamed N, Barekat M. The effect of self-management empowerment model on the sense of coherence among elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Educ Gerontol. 2015; 42(2): 100-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2015.1078691

(39) Fagermoen MS, Hamilton G, Lerdal A. Morbid obese adults increased their sense of coherence 1 year after a patient education course: A longitudinal study. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2015; 8: 157-65. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S77763

(40) Trentini M, Paim L, Guerreiro D. Condições crônicas e cuidados inovadores em saúde. São Paulo: Atheneu; 2014.

(41) Eriksson M, Lindström B. Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale and the relation with health: A systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006; 60(5): 376-81. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2005.041616

(42) Hourzad A, Pouladi S, Ostovar A, Ravanipour M. The effects of an empowering self-management model on self-efficacy and sense of coherence among retired elderly with chronic diseases: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Interv Aging. 2018; 13: 2215-24.

http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S183276

(43) Faag C, Bergenius J, Forsberg C, Langius-Eklöf A. Feasibility and effects of a nursing intervention for patients with peripheral vestibular disorders. Rehabilitation Nurs. 2017; 42(5): 274-81. https://doi.org/10.1002/rnj.261

(44) Suwan N, Panuthai S, Lasuka D, Khampolsiri T. Factors influencing readiness for hospital discharge among thai older persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2018; 22(2): 156-68. https://bit.ly/3J01RSH

(45) Lillekroken D, Hauge S, Slettebø A. The meaning of slow nursing in dementia care. Dementia. 2015; 16(7): 930-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301215625112

(46) Lillekroken D, Hauge S, Slettebø A. Enabling resources in people with dementia: A qualitative study about nurses’ strategies that may support a sense of coherence in people with dementia. J Clin Nurs. 2015; 24(21-22): 3129-37. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12945