Estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje en gestión del cuidado de enfermería. Una revisión narrativa
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Introducción: El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la enfermería requiere estrategias didácticas, objetivas y eficaces para que, tanto alumnos como profesionales noveles, desarrollen habilidades en la gestión del cuidado.
Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia publicada sobre las estrategias didácticas implementadas durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje para el desarrollo de habilidades enfocadas a la gestión del cuidado.
Método: Revisión narrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda de información se realizó en cinco bases de datos usando MeSH/DeCS y palabras clave. Se encontraron 1 391 textos; de estos fueron elegidos 52 por título y resumen; al final se analizaron 18 artículos.
Resultados: La principal estrategia empleada es el aprendizaje basado en problemas. Las habilidades más desarrolladas fueron interpersonales, como la comunicación; seguidas por las analíticas, como la planificación.
Discusión y Conclusiones: Las estrategias identificadas resultan ser eficaces y funcionales, por lo tanto, pueden ser utilizadas para desarrollar habilidades de gestión en alumnos de pregrado y profesionales de enfermería principiantes. Cabe señalar que ninguna es excluyente de otra, por lo que pueden emplearse en sinergia para lograr los objetivos de aprendizaje. Es importante que los docentes de enfermería empleen dichas estrategias de acuerdo con la evidencia existente y con su efectividad, para así construir un aprendizaje significativo.
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MÉTRICAS
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